B.Sc. (Physics) Semester IV - Kota University

 

Unit-I

Circuit Analysis, Network-some important definitions, loop and nodal equation, Kirchhofs Laws, driving point and transfer impedances, four terminal network parameters, Open circuit, short circuit and hybrid network theorems, Superposition, Thevenin, Norton, Reciprocity, Compensation and maximum power transfer.

Unit-II

Semiconductors, Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, charge densities in N and P materials, conduction by drift and diffusion of charge, Formation of PN junction, PN diode equation, capacitance effect of diode. Rectification and power Supply, Half-wave and full wave rectifiers, calculation of Ripple factor, efficiency and regulation, bridge rectifier, Filters: shunt capacitor, L and p filters, Voltage regulation and voltage stabilization, Zener diode, Voltage multiplier circuits.

Unit-III

Transistor and Transistor Amplifiers, Notations and volt ampere relations for bipolar junction transistor, CB, CE, CC configurations, characteristic curves and their equivalent circuits, Biasing of transistors, Fixed and emitter bias, bias stability in transistor circuits, concept of load line and operating point, hybrid parameters, Field effect transistor (JFET and MOSFET) and its circuit characteristics, Analysis of transistor amplifiers using hybrid parameters and its frequency response.

Unit-IV

Amplifiers with feed back, Concept of feed back Positive and negative feed back advantage of negative fead beck, stabilization of gain by negative feed back, Effect of feed back on output and input resistance, Reduction of nonlinear distortion by negative feed back, frequency response, Voltage and current feed back circuit. Oscillators, Feed back requirements for oscillations, circuit requirement for oscillation, basic oscillator analysis, Colpitt and Hartley oscillators, R-C Phase shift oscillator, Piezoelectric frequency control oscillations.

Unit-V

Operational amplifier (OP-AMP), Differential amplifier, DC levels shifter, operational amplifier, input and Output impedances, input offset curren, Application of OP-AMP, Unity gain buffer, Adder, Subtractor, Integrator and Differentiator, Comparator, Waveform generator, Voltage regulator using integrated amplifiers. Digital Circuits: Binary, Hexadecimal and Octal number systems, Binary arithmetic, Logic fundamentals, AND, OR, NOT, NOR., NAND, XOR gates, Boolean theorems, transistor as a switch, circuit realization of logic functions.

List of Experiments 

1. Plot thermo e.m.f versus temperature and find the neutral temperature.

2. Study of power supply using two diodes/bridge rectifier using various filter circuits.

3. Study of half wave rectifier using L and pi section filters.

4. Characteristics of given transistor PNP/NPN (common emitter, common base and common collector configurations).

5. Determination of band gap using a junction diode.

6. Determination of power factor of a given coil using CRO.

7. Study of single stage transistor audio amplifier(variation of gain with frequency)

8. Study of diode as integrator with different voltage wave forms.

9. Determination of e\m of electron by Thomson’s method.

10. Determination of velocity of sound using CRO, microphone and speaker by standing wave method.

11. Determination of self inductance of a coil by Anderson’s bridge method.

12. Determination of unknown capacity by De’sauty-bridge method and to determine dielectric constant of a liquid.

13. Any experiment, equivalent to the UG level.